Potato has important role in human nutrition, as it is entitled as hidden wealth of land. Based on FAO statistics, Iran was ranked 17th and 12th with 180 thousand hectares cultivated area and production of 5.4 million tones of potato between 158 potato producer countries in the world in the year 2012, respectively. On the other hand, Ardebil province has occupied second place in the country with 14.8 percent of total potato cultivated area in 2011. Considering this importance, the present study aims to investigate the effects of implemented programs for potato cultivators in the form of research findings transference in this province using descriptive and inferential analysis. The necessary data in this research collected through completion of questionnaire from 184 potato producers, which were selected by simple random sampling method. The results showed that 73.4 percent of studied potato producers were satisfied from all extension and education programs and activities of potato research findings transference. The results also indicated that there is weak relationship between effectiveness of research findings transference and product performance.

The ontogenesis of 2 forms of Biota orientalis (f. compacta and f. aurea) was studied for the first time under the introduction of the Tashkent Botanical Garden. It was revealed that the virginal period in both species during vegetative reproduction lasts 4 years. From the 5th and 6th year, the plants pass to the general period and fully retain maternal attributes and decorative features.

Cotton cultivars have important pests such as thrips, aphids, whitefly and boll worm. Considering the premature cultivars with proper yield for second cultivation in cotton-growing Golestan province at the north of Iran, this study seems necessary. This plan was cultivated with 9 treatments in 4 replicates. A completely randomized block design was carried out in Hashem Abad research station in a spray-free plot with the dimensions of 30 × 80 cm in 2016-2017 years. According to the results of this study, analysis of variance of two years showed that the yield of N2G80 with 1538 g in the plot with 41.7% lint percentage had the highest yield, and M13 with 685 g in the plot and 35.8% lint percentage in the lowest yield they had. The density of thrips population on K880-1, TBL-60 and SKT-133 was 0.0400, 0.365 and 0.263 in per leaf with the highest density and GT, BKW30 and Golestan cultivars respectively with 0.001 0.063 and 0.100 thrips per leaf had the lowest population density. The infeastaion rate of the cultivars tested in the population of green aphid of cotton in K880-2 and Golestan cultivars was 48.88 and 40.31 in aphid with the highest density, and the SKT-133 and TBL-60 cultivars respectively with 27.15 and 29.11 aphids per leaf had the least infeastaion. The amount of infestation of the cultivars tested to the population of whitefly cotton on the N2G80 and TBL-60 cultivars was 90.76 and 68.86 whitefly in the leaf with the highest infestation and N2G80 and TBL-60 cultivars respectively with 40.05 and 75.51 white fly in leaf were the least in feasted. Correlation coefficient between traits was equal to 0.55. The number of bolls per plant was not correlated with other traits including boll weight, lint percentage, thrips, aphid and white fly.

In this method, planting is used instead of the distance of open rows at distances below 40 cm. This planting method saves water consumption, reduces the cost of weeding, increases production and premature in cotton. In order to compare the populations of important sucker pests such as green aphid( Aphis gossypii) and white fly (Bemisia tabaci )on three cultivars new of Golestan, sahel and Sepid, in two narrow cultivars 20 × 25 and 20 × 80 cm, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Sampling was done weekly and randomly on plants. In each plot, 15 leaves were cut in a circle of 5 plants and different stages of sucking pests (nymph and adults) were counted on them and recorded in special tables. The data was analysis by MSTAT Mean comparison revealed, sucking-pest population density is very narrow gap in agriculture, the yield rate of the tested intervals Golestan cultivar distance of 80 cm with an average yield of 4422.87gr/plots maximum yield and Sepid with a distance of 25 cm with an average yield of 3108.33gr/plots had the lowest yield. Infection levels of cultivars of cotton aphid population, Golestan and sepid with a distance of 80cm, respectively, with a density of 53.42,49.18 and 41.35 aphids per leaf has the highest infection, Sepid and Sahel varieties 25cm,respectively, with a density of 9.26 and 7.11 aphids per leaf had the lowest infection. Population bemisia levels of cotton cultivars in Golestan, Sahel and Sepid 25cm respectively with densities of 27.63,24.31 and 20.86 bemisia on leaf number, maximum infection and Sepid varety with a distance of 80cm with a density of 6.15 bemisia number of leaves have the least pollution. Therefore Golestan cultivar with an average yield important sucking pests such as population infection, aphids and whitefly the lowest cotton cultivation in agriculture ultra-narrow row 80 and 25 centimeters had in the cotton fields.